Case Analysis Wal-Mart Rosemead Essay - 971 Words

Case Analysis: Wal-Mart Rosemead When Wal-Mart tried to establish one of its Superstores in Rosemead, CA, its Corporate social responsibilities are questioned when the company is met with heavy opposition. With the opening of the new Wal-Mart in Rosemead there are groups of people that will gain and groups of people that will lose. This paper will analyze, using John Stuart Mill’s Utilitarian reasoning of â€Å"the greatest good for the greatest number† and theory of social responsibility by Milton Friedman, whether providing low cost merchandise to the masses outweigh consequences of the expansion of Wal-Mart into the residential city of Rosemead. The groups that stand to lose the most with the introduction of the Wal-Mart store in†¦show more content†¦State Assemblywoman Judy Chu said† Local businesses will watch helplessly as customers disappear to Wal-Mart. Why would any resident shop at a local store if they can buy pickles at a Wal-Mart for a dollar cheaper? My own reports say that local retailers will lose about $8 million annual in sales.† This implies that even though the local businesses will lose from customers moving to Wal-Mart, customers will gain having competition in the market that will allow for cheaper priced items. Rosemead was specifically targeted by Wal-Mart for its demographic, a city that has 22.8% of its residents living below the poverty line, lower prices will definitely benefit this demographic. Cheaper priced merchandise come at a price, job benefit though touted as a benefit to the community by Wal-Mart is often seen negatively by analysts. Peter Cannels, a community Affairs Manager of Wal-Mart replied to a hiring question that â€Å"our associates are directly from the community and reside within the community† furthermore â€Å"initial hiring process would be about 300 associates† up to 550 depending on customer mass. Opponents countered that the average pay of Wal-Mart employees were lower than workers employed in large retail. Another complaint against Wal-Mart was that any job creation gains were offset by the taxpayers cost of providing health and welfare services to Wal-Mart employees. But here, according to

Examination of Clinical Psychology - 1665 Words

Clinical psychology is a broad science that involves psychologists ensuring the mental well-being of a patient. Its focus is diagnosing, treating, and if possible, averting psychological disorders. The field of clinical psychology applies to every demographic from young children to the elderly, families or individuals, and one’s socioeconomic status is not a factor in whether he or she should receive treatment. Clinical psychology deals with a broad range of specialties, including individuals who have been diagnosed with disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder or those who are coping with personal issues, such as being fired from his or her place of employment or going through a divorce. Psychologists in this field offer†¦show more content†¦It was during this time psychologists learned that affected organs in the body could cause illness and possibly lead to death. Ultimately, the discovery of such scientific findings would usher in a new era of clinical psychology and render Greek ideologies a thing of the past. Psychology officially became a valid field in 1879 when German physician Wilhelm Wundt opened his laboratory of psychology at the University of Leipzig in Germany. Wundt conducted many experiments in his laboratory, with a focus on human reaction. His intent was to study behavior in order to acquire a better understanding of the mind and its workings by using scientific methods. Four years later, Lightner Witmer opened the first psychological clinic in Pennsylvania (Plante, 2010). During this time, many professionals in the field were more interested in experimental psychology and were against the idea of human behavior being applied to clinical situations. Despite misgivings concerning the new field, clinical psychology was able to flourish and has come a long way since earlier opposition. Evolving Nature of Clinical Psychology The evolution of methods of diagnosis and treatment in medicine has been characterized by the gradual accumulation over many centuries of a large body of objectively recorded observations (Routh, 2000). With technology ever-changing to fit the modern standards of today, so too does the field of clinical psychology. New scientificShow MoreRelatedExamination of Clinical Psychology1306 Words   |  5 PagesThe examination of clinical psychology increases from Sigmund Freud to Greek philosophy as well as contemporary psychology that gathers information from science, ideas, and other jurisdictions. The exploration of science moves forward and alters clinical mediations as empirically grounded proof backing up the ethics which psychologist in the clinical field treat human trials. However, significant differences occur among clinical psychologists and other psychological sciences, each enhances theRead MoreExamination of Clinical Psychology1819 Words   |  8 PagesExamination of Clini cal Psychology Vicki Roberson 480 AUGUST 7, 2011 Elizabeth Kane Examination of Clinical Psychology Clinical psychology was not discovered until 1879, at the University of Psychology, in Leipzig, Germany, by Wilhelm Wundt. Much has transpired before the discovery such as Theodor Fechner published The Elements of Psychophysics in 1860, and in 1874, Wilhelm Wundt published the Principles of Physiological Psychology. Both of the publications were needed to stateRead MoreEssay about Examination of Clinical Psychology1197 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: EXAMINATION OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Examination of Clinical Psychology University of Phoenix PST/480 Karen Wilson Nov 14, 2011 Examination of Clinical Psychology Clinical psychology is a very important as well as popular part of the field of psychology that is used very often. To begin, a definition of clinical psychology will be included. According to APA (2009) â€Å"Clinical psychology attempts to use the principles of psychology to better understand, predictRead MorePsychology : Psychology And Psychology1630 Words   |  7 PagesPsychology is a very broad field of study and requires a lot of research when choosing a career. The education that is required for pursuing a career in the field of psychology depends on the type of psychologist you want to be. Most psychology programs require at least a master s degree to pursue a psychologist career, but some may require a doctoral degree. It is important to know the educational requirements as well as state requirements when entering the field of psychology. Southwestern hasRead MoreWhy I Am A Psychologist, The State Of Kentucky One Must First Obtain Licensure1057 Words   |  5 PagesKentu cky Board of Examiners of Psychology (2007) the Kentucky Revised Statutes, KRS 319.005 states that no one by law is allowed to use the title of psychologist, practice as a psychologist, or in any way cause others to believe that they possess credentials to do so, unless they have been licensed by the board. Since I am not one for breaking the law I decided to pursue my goal of becoming a psychologist and go to college. After graduating with my B.S. in Psychology from the University of PhoenixRead MoreClinical Psychology. A Clinical Psychologist Or The Psychological1081 Words   |  5 PagesClinical Psychology A Clinical psychologist or the psychological specialty provides continuing and comprehensive mental and behavioral health care for individuals and families; consultation to agencies and communities; training, education and supervision; and research-based practice (APA, 2017). In order to become a Clinical psychologist, you will need a higher level of education to include a Master’s degree, certification, license, and Doctorates depending on the position one is trying to attainRead MoreCareer Investigation Into Psychology901 Words   |  4 PagesCAREER INVESTIGATION Title: A career investigation into Psychology. Description of Career: Psychologists study the way people think and act. They look at all behaviour and the thoughts and feelings that make us act the way we do. They use their understanding to help people with difficulties to change their lives for the better. Skills and Qualities: I feel Psychologists should be committed to helping people transform their lives in a positive way. They should be caring, extremelyRead MoreClinical And Biological Components Can Cause A Child s Social, Emotional, And Cognitive Roles981 Words   |  4 PagesClinical Child Psychology is defined as a specialty in professional psychology that develops and applies scientific knowledge to the delivery of psychological services to infants, toddlers, children and adolescents within their social context (Clinical Child Psychology, 2015). They study how experimental and biological components can cause a child’s social, emotional, and cognitive roles to change as a child grows older. In order to become a clinical child psychologist, it can be quite difficultRead MoreClinical Psychology and Psychiatrist1024 Words   |  5 Pages Many people confuse clinical psychology with psychiatrist thinking that it is the same thing When, in reality it is not. Clinical Psychology is the study of the emotional, biological, psychological, social influences, and intellectual abilities (â€Å"Society of Clinical Psychology.†). They are trained to diagnose, treat, and study people who are mentally ill. A clinical psychologist usually does four to five years of graduate work, and one year internship under the supervision of a practicing psychologistRead MoreBecoming a Clinical Psychologist Essay1037 Words   |  5 PagesBecoming a Clinical Psychologist The word psychology can translate to mean â€Å"the science of the soul.† Since Aristotle, psychology has become both a science and a profession. As a profession, it is the application of understanding people and their behavior to help solve human problems (Careers, 1993). A psychologist usually concentrates on one specialty that is of particular interest. There are many different fields of psychology to study. Clinical psychologists work with people with emotional

Traditions Aren’t Always Worth Keeping Free Essays

On the morning of June 27th, a tiny town of about 300 people, meet in the town square for a tradition they call â€Å"the lottery. † The kids come first to the square, straight from school, then come the fathers, and then the mothers after they finish the housework. They all stand waiting as they call the names of all the fathers in the families to the front to pull a wood chip from a black box, and the family with the black dot on their wood chip will participate in â€Å"the lottery. We will write a custom essay sample on Traditions Aren’t Always Worth Keeping or any similar topic only for you Order Now † Each member of that family will draw a piece of paper hoping is doesn’t contain a black dot.Whoever gets that specific piece of paper will be stoned to death by the whole town. This intense story comes to life in Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery,† written in 1948. This is a very trying story that has a huge impact on the town, and ends with a stoning. This small town has become accustomed to this tradition that will not be let go. After studying the story, Shirley Jackson presents the theme that, People are reluctant to reject outdated traditions, ideas, and/or practices. According to dictionary. com, Traditions are beliefs or customs taught by one generation to the next, often orally.These traditions are maintained usually by societies and government’s, and share history, customs, culture, the teaching of language, and sometimes education. Traditions are a part of our society today, and some traditions date back to past generations. Us as individuals may have our own traditions in our own family, usually being annual traditions. Government and city traditions are different that family traditions, in the way that, throughout the years traditions may need to be altered or changed depending on the times, as generation change. However, this doesn’t always happen. The lottery,† is a tradition in this town that is not even a thought when it comes to change. Some people in the town feel that there was a reason this tradition was started, and it should be continued. It has caused a lot of tension and a lot of ideas on whether or not this tradition should be kept. Many people in the town feel this is a harsh way of exiling someone from the town, and feel it is very unnecessary. Traditions become a big part in this story and present the theme throughout the story. â€Å"The morning of June 27th was clear and sunny. . . . . The people of the village began to gather in the square, between the post office and the bank around ten o’clock,† (Jackson 586).This passage that opens the short story presents the setting, but also shows the audience that the setting is a part of the tradition of â€Å"the lottery. † Every year in June this routine of coming to the square to participate in â€Å"the lottery† becomes second nature to the town, and they soon realize that this is a tradition that will continue. Jackson not only discusses that the setting is a tradition, but also presents that even the materials that they use are traditions as well. The black box now resting on the stool had been put into use before Old Man Warner, the oldest ma in town, was born,† (587). The box is the item that is used for the drawing, which by this point, as old as it is, needs to be remade. â€Å"Mr. Summers spoke frequently to the villagers about making a new box, but no one like to upset even as much tradition as was represented by the black box,† (587). Traditions in this town will not be easily let go. This box does need some serious work, but Jackson goes on to say that they just tape it up and it’s ready to go for the next year.Cummings Study presents â€Å"This box is used as a symbol to present that this town is stubborn and doesn’t want to give up their traditions, even a simple item is something they can’t get rid of. Everything needs to be the original. † Traditions are even kept in the process of performing the lottery. Mr. Summers, on of the main characters in the story and presides over the lottery states, â€Å"Now I’ll read the names- heads of the families first- and the men come up and take a paper out of the box.Keep the paper folded in your hand without looking at it until everyone has had a turn,† (589). This is the process of the lottery and it shows that even this hasn’t changed. Jackson goes on to say that the people of this town had heard this speech so much that they half listened. She also says that most of them were quiet and frustrated with what was about to happen. â€Å"The lottery has become very frustrating to these people, and after so many years participating in the lottery is enough,† states Brothers Judd, a review of the story.So how many years has this been going on? Old Man Warner, a character in the story, says â€Å"Seventy-seventh year I been in the lottery. Seventy Seventh time,† (590) which shows the audience that this tradition has gone on a long time. At the event there was even talk between two of the characters Old Man Warner and Mr. Adams on the fact that over in the North Village are talking about giving up the lottery, and Old Man Warner comes back and says â€Å"Pack of crazy fools. Listening to the young folks, nothing’s good enough for them.Next thing you know they’ll want to go back to living in caves, nobody work anymore, live that way for a while. Used to be a saying ‘lottery in June, corn be heavy soon’. . . . . There’s always been a lottery,† (590). With strong feelings Old Man Warner shows that the lottery is here to stay and it always will be. It is the town history and is part of their culture. The stubborn attitudes of some people in this story have caused a problem in this town when deciding on whether or not to keep the lottery. Jackson is trying to get across that even though this is an old tradition it needs to be kept around.Keeping these traditions are not always the best thing to do. Looking at America’s history, we had several traditions that we have had, that have had negative impacts such as, slavery, Salem Witch Trials, and Voting, that had they not been changed our country would not be where it is today. Some of the characters in the story realize that change is good and the traditions should be looked at more to see if this is actually worth keeping, while other characters don’t care what others think and are strict to following the tradition.Jackson shows the audience of the story that traditions are there for a reason, but also shows that change is always good. People are reluctant to reject outdated traditions, ideas, and/or practices. We need to be open to new ideas. America has in its history and following the same traditions isn’t always right. Overall this was a great story and would defiantly recommend it. Jackson presents many more ideas than what I have mentioned and I think every reader should experience it themselves. 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Hypoglycemia Essay Example For Students

Hypoglycemia Essay Hypoglycemia is a condition in which the amount of sugar in the blood drops to an abnormally low level. It occurs in association with a number of diseases and can affect anyone. Blood sugar, more formally known as glucose, is the fuel all cells in your body uses for heat and energy (Hypoglycemia, (Low Blood Sugar)). Glucose is produced by the breakdown of glycogen, a pancreatic hormone that tends to raise sugar in the blood. Glucose enters the cells of your body through insulin. Insulin is what lowers the blood sugar. Glucose also enters the body in many ways, including absorption from the digestive tract and diffusion from the tissue fluids and the liver. Glucose leaves the blood by diffusion into tissue fluids, by metabolic conversion to glycogen or fat, or by oxidation in the tissues to produce energy (Hypoglycemia). Normally, the body maintains a glucose level of about 70-110 milligrams per deciliter of blood (Recognizing and Treating Hypoglycemia). When these levels drop below normal, it causes many organ systems to malfunction. Low blood sugar levels especially affect the brain because glucose is the brains major source of fuel. Sustained hypoglycemia has been know to cause serious brain damage and even death. Hypoglycemia has several different causes. The most common is in people with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes occurs when the body cannot use glucose for fuel because whether the pancreas is not able to make enough insulin or the insulin is not effective. The aim of treatment in diabetes is to lower high blood sugar levels and keep them stable. To do this, most people take insulin shots or oral drugs. Hypoglycemia occurs most often in people with diabetics use too much medication. People who have diabetes often refer to hypoglycemia as an insulin reaction. A rare cause of hypoglycemia is an a uto immune disease in which the body produces antibodies to insulin (Marks, 153). The levels of insulin in the blood change abnormally as the pancreas produces high amounts of insulin to deal with the antibodies. This condition may occur in people with or without diabetes. Other causes of hypoglycemia include: excessive alcohol consumption, drug use, prolonged strenuous exercise, kidney failure, cancer, malnutrition, liver disease and sometimes even psychological disturbances. Just because a person may suffer from one of these causes does not man that they have hypoglycemia. The symptoms of hypoglycemia vary from person to person, but often start with being hot and uncomfortable, followed by profuse sweating. Other symptoms include dizziness, weakness, fainting, nervous shaking, extreme hunger, blurred vision, migraines, exhaustion, and the list continues. Many people experience one of more of these symptoms everyday, but frequent reoccurrence are usually signs that a person may hav e hypoglycemia and should be checked by a physician. Fasting hypoglycemia, the most serious and uncommon type of hypoglycemia may develop following prolonged starvation and rarely in pregnant women whose bodies cannot adjust to the increased glucose requirements of the fetus (Cryer, 216). It is more likely to be a sign of pancreatic tumors, liver disease, hormonal deficiencies or other diseases. Fasting hypoglycemia usually occurs when no insulin is available to help the glucose enter cells. Another type, reactive hypoglycemia, occurs within a few hours after eating foods high in glucose. Symptoms include those of extreme fear and anxiety. Although it is hardly ever an indication of a serious disease, reactive hypoglycemia has attracted public attention because of its strongly annoying symptoms. People who have reactive hypoglycemia are advised to follow a healthy diet and exercise regularly (What is Hypoglycemia?)The diagnosis of a person who is suspected of having hypoglycemia begins with the verification of the condition. Other than evaluating the symptoms, it is most important to observe the blood sugar levels through a series of blood sugar tests. However, measurement of glucose levels does not reveal true hypoglycemia. .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8 , .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8 .postImageUrl , .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8 , .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8:hover , .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8:visited , .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8:active { border:0!important; } .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8:active , .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8 .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9bb71be0fdc9349c78121f7dd12637a8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Causes of Child Abuse EssayBlood sugar tests are usually done in the doctors office. Glucose levels can be checked at home, using a drop of blood obtained by pricking the finger at the time symptoms occur and a device that reads the blood and displays the level. Home tests are recommended for diabetics because they are often not entirely accurate. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), which is commonly used to help diagnose diabetes, is rarely used for diagnosing hypoglycemia because its results are often misleading (Fast Facts About Hypoglycemia). Experts now realize that the OGTT can actually trigger hypoglycemic symptoms in people with no signs of the disorder (What i s Hypoglycemia?). The bodys first defense against hypoglycemia is to convert glycogen in the liver to glucose. This means that there must be glycogen in the liver. Glycogen is stored only when there is a good balance of glucose and insulin. It will be available only if control has been good. If control has been poor, then glycogen will not be there when a person needs it. The only truly effective treatment for hypoglycemia is to treat the basic problem. People often follow a special diet, which helps relieve symptoms. Even when blood sugar levels are normal, many people feel better after eating small meals containing carbohydrates such as breads, beans and pastas. However, in a person with diabetes, eating or drinking anything high in sugar such as cokes and candies can quickly relieve hypoglycemia. To avoid reoccurring attacks, hypoglycemics should eat about six small meals a day, rather that the usual three. By doing so, blood sugar levels should remain steadier and symptoms should decrease. The goa l of every hypoglycemic should be to stabilize blood sugar levels so that there will be a constant supply of energy in the body (Hypoglycemia, (Low Blood Sugar)). Also, if a person is prone to attacks, they should always carry glucose tablets, sugar cubes or candy with them. Wearing a medic alert bracelet to inform medical personnel of their condition and having identification is also a plus. Hypoglycemia indicates lack of energy and sugar in the body. It can lead to disorders, brain damage, or even as serious as death. Persons who believe that they may be experiencing hypoglycemia should seek medical attention because of such serious effects it has on the body. The study of hypoglycemia has lead to much needed information on other diseases and insights. Berkow, Robert, Hypoglycemia, The Merck Manual of Medical Information, New York: Merck and Company, Inc., 1997. Cryer, Philip E., Glucose Homeostasis and Hypoglycemia, Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 8th Edition, Philadelphia: W .B. Saunders, 1992. Fast Facts About Hypoglycemia, The Sugar Association, 19 April 2000, *http://www.sugar.org/health/hypoglycemia.html*. Hypoglycemia, Grolier Electronic Publishing, Inc., 1993. Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar), H.E.L.P. The Institute For Body Chemistry, 19 April 2000, *http://www.dynanet.com/bodychem/hypo.html*. Marks, Vincent, and F. Clifford Rose, Hypoglycemia, 2nd Edition, London: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1981. Recognizing and Treating Hypoglycemia, Diabetes Well, 19 April 2000, *http://www.diabeteswell.com/library/diabetes/treatment_hypoglycemia.asp*. What is Hypoglycemia?, Mediconsult Network, 19 April 2000, *http://www.mediconsult.com/mc/mcsite.nsf/condition/diabetesEducational+MaterialJLOO-47UKVC*. Bibliography:Works CitedBerkow, Robert, Hypoglycemia, The Merck Manual of Medical Information, New York: Merck and Company, Inc., 1997. Cryer, Philip E., Glucose Homeostasis and Hypoglycemia, Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 8th Edition, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1992. Fast Facts About Hypoglycemia, The Sugar Association, 19 April 2000, . Hypoglycemia, Grolier Electronic Publishing, Inc., 1993. Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar), H.E.L.P. The Institute For Body Chemistry, 19 April 2000, . Marks, Vincent, and F. Clifford Rose, Hypoglycemia, 2nd Edition, London: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1981. Recognizing and Treating Hypoglycemia, Diabetes Well, 19 April 2000, . What is Hypoglycemia?, Mediconsult Network, 19 April 2000, .

Vendor

Introduction and History Supplies to firms contribute to high costs, which eventually affect the competitive position of the firm. Firms have, in turn, adopted supply chain management practices to enhance the efficiency of their supplies-related costs and thus improve their positions competitively. Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) programs are one of the tools that firms use to achieve synchronisation of their supply chain.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Vendor-Managed Inventory: UAE vs. International Contexts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Vendor Management Inventory is defined as a distinctive storing that mainly focuses on the customer, and which uses Server Valuestreamguru. It varies from the other supplies management systems in the sense that ownership is maintained to a point where the item is not entirely finished or consumed (Dejnega 63). The VMI approach was first introduced in 1985 by leading US retai ler chain WalMart and manufacturer Procter and Gamble. This system did not only help the firms improve their supply chain, but it also enabled them to fix their positions as market leaders. The system particularly helped WalMart to track supplies to its stores as an alternative to the replenishment process that was previously adopted by the firm. The initial system was time wasting and failed to effectively cater for the requirements of customers all at once (Dejnega 62). Advantages of the VMI Approach The VMI approach helps firms to reduce the amount of inventories that they hold at any one given time, while also improving on their service delivery. The approach aids this in numerous ways, both when the vendor is expected to replenish several customers existing in close proximity and when a single customer expects to be served with several products. The vendor may consolidate the numerous product orders such that only a single shipment is needed. Orders may also be consolidated eas ily as a result of using the VMI system of supplies (Salzarulo 2). This can be achieved when the supplier times the dates when inbound shipments will be received and coincides them with the outbound shipments schedules. This would eventually enable the supplier to cut down on the actual inventory that is held on the site.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Vendors are able to achieve on-hand inventory allocation amongst the customers by virtue of using the VMI approach. This particularly becomes applicable at the time when the supplier replenishes several customers. Instead of sending fixed quantities to the customers at every shipment, the supplier may opt to vary the supply size during each shipment. The bullwhip effect is significantly reduced by adopting the VMI in supplies. This often occurs when order fluctuations are increased to the higher supply chain echelons. The bu llwhip effect results in an inefficient use of the inventory as well as the manufacturing capacity. This is because increased order variability results in two scenarios, which include additional manufacturing capacity in order to provide sensible response times or added inventory to cushion against the biggest orders. As Salzarulo (3) points out, there is sharing of information within a supply chain that is coordinated and some bullwhip effect causes are eradicated, thus resulting in lowering the supply chain’s uncertainty. It also leads to increased efficient resource utilization. Disadvantages of VMI Firms find it a challenge to implement VMI to its utmost potential. This often results from the fact that manufacturing planning systems fail to utilize consumer demand information. Additionally, supply chains do not have a standardised product identification, which prevents the VMI from operating successfully. There is a variation between reality and assumption, which ends up affecting VMI’s performance and effectiveness. One such factor is the specific environment within which VMI is implemented. For instance, vendors may be required to customize their supplies such that they may accurately fit into the demands of the customers. This, in turn, eliminates one of VMI’s prime benefits, which involves the allocation of items amongst the customers (Salzarulo 4). The consolidation of shipment in VMI may also be realistic in actual sense.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Vendor-Managed Inventory: UAE vs. International Contexts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The intended success in implementing the VMI is dependent on the prevailing bonds established among vendors and retailers. Where such relationship is strained, there will be little chances of the resultant VMI being successful in terms of reducing costs and increasing efficiency. For VMI to be greatly successful there is need for the parties to exchange data, some of which may be considered too sensitive. This will occasionally see firms lacking trust with their partners refusing to give out details concerning their operations. VMI Strengths At the supply chain level, VMI has the ability to reduce the amounts of inventory that are held by the firm. It also results in less overhead costs, limited errors associated with human data entry, and increased sales levels overly. To the vendors, it provides them with the capability to enjoy better insight in as far as customer demands are concerned and improves direct communication with the customers. The market analysis by vendors is also improved as a result of VMI, while increasing their ability to offer category management, as well as other value-added services. Some of the advantages that come with VMI include reduced replenishment durations for suppliers. Inventory costs that are associated with supply are also reduced considerably. The suppliers enjoy less redundancy and increase sales owing to reduced stock outs. The end-users, on the other hand, enjoy increased service levels and minimised instances of stock outs. VMI Weaknesses The main weakness for this approach is the fact that it has an insufficient visibility concerning the entire network of supply in some instances. While VMI’s performance will be excellent in an instance where large quantities of products that are frequently replenished are supplied, its performance in case of high level demand volatility leads to excessive inventories. Equally, VMI’s performance is only better where the effort of the manufacturer plays a critical role in influencing consumer demand, as well as during instances where consumers are least expected to go for substitute products during stock-outs. However, in such cases where substitution is found to be attractive, dependence on VMI could result into poorer performance (Olson and Deshrng 54).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More VMI Overview VMI seeks to manage as well as control the third party firms that deal with a company by way of supplying goods or the services required. VMI has set out goals, which an organization has to ensure that as it searches for third party business partners, these set out goals are observed. The main objectives of VMI include achieving high quality service, reduction in costs, and the satisfaction of goals as intended. VMI Goals Establishing goals The operations of the firm must be desired to attain a certain goal, which will be beneficial to the firm. Thus, these goals must be set out such that they will form the determining factor in the decision-making process of the firm, including during the process of selecting and managing vendors. Managing vendors There are a number of control mechanisms that a firm is expected to closely monitor in order to ensure success. These include monitoring the performance, initiating new projects, offering feedback information, and manage the control processes. Additionally, firms are expected to develop their vendors in various ways. The VMI determines all these aspects, and acts as a plan for the managers. Vendor selection Firms require dealing with vendors who match its own capacity of requirements. Thus, VMI establishes some of the strengths that the firm needs to observe while selecting the choice of vendor firm. These leads have been matched with the firm’s own internal requirements and capacity and thus managers are expected to observe them fully to avoid limitations in performance. Consistency in meeting goals VMI establishes statistically acceptable limits, both the upper and lower thresholds, which will enable the firm to achieve its target. The vendor manager has been provided with accurate measures and actions, including making sure that their selected vendor employ an adequate number of staff. These guidelines have to be followed to the latter to avoid a scenario where the firm will find itself missin g its targeted objectives. Market Analysis Systems used by main suppliers One-supplier one customer Often, a VMI system depicts a one-supplier one-customer relationship. However, in real life situation, there are models that exist that comprise of numerous suppliers, distributors, wholesalers, and manufacturers. In a one-supplier one-customer kind of a model, the minimum and maximum inventory amount is established by the customer. A penalty is paid to the customer for every supply unit that is made by the supplier, which falls outside the established limits. Both the customer and the supplier are aware of the demand distribution that the retailer requires. The supplier produces the customer’s demands without the capacity limit. In order to ensure that the demands of the customer remain consistent with the available inventory levels, the supplier is allowed to outsource. The penalty by supplier, however, is not incurred in an immediate situation, such as being incurred every d ay. Instead, they are determined over a long-term period, like after one year. This is done as part of the balanced score card assessment. One-supplier multiple consumers In this system type, both parties comprising of the supplier and the customers incur costs accruing from inventory and backorder. VMI does not offer any guarantees to synchronize the partners, not unless they agree to or recompense fixed transfer payments. According to related studies by Cachon (658), VMI under this particular system fails to offer any improvements in as far as the supply chain costs are concerned in forbidden fixed transfer payments. VMI Comparison and Evaluation: UAE vs. International level TVH Local application of VMI for TVH in the UAE mainly involves the firm utilising its supply chain for the numerous department stores that are located within the country. The department stores each have their own separate inventory policies. The lead-time for production of a single item takes five days. On th e other hand, the finished goods inventory on average take 8 week, with about two weeks involving safety stock. Order management TVH mainly rely on e-commerce in managing its supply chain. The firm has set up a dedicated order capturing screen that provides an opportunity for the call centre representative to make full reviews of the customer’s position. TVH representatives are in a position to check the business relationships as well as contacts based on varying criteria, including suspect, prospect, contact name zip code, city, and phone, among other details. The website is capable of integrating the website for such details as the product catalogs, sales orders, price lists, and the customer’s addresses and contacts. TVH also uses several POS systems for conducting customer returns, sales orders invoices, sales orders payments, customer’s contacts, and transfer order receipts. The POS system also integrates for transfer order receipts, inventory updates, and transfer order shipments, among many other services. Supply chain management The e-commerce system enables TVH to manage varying vendor contracts and a host of other vendor-related information, including bonus and rebates, management of the vendor calendar, vendor backorders management, as well as automated cross-docking and drop shipping notices. TVH’s VMI integration allows the firm to consign inventory to customers through use of invoicing and periodic consumption. The firm defines a warehouse for every customer site and the minimum stock levels forecasts are used to establish the needs from the main warehouse. The transfer orders used for issuing supplies to the VMI warehouses automatically get created, while the automatic stock availability control is undertaken by the main warehouse. The stock needed by a customer creates the necessary sales orders automatically, deriving the details from the VMI warehouses’ consumption. V-Line Europe At the international level, the practice comprises of determining plant demand. This is done by evaluating the combination of MRO needs, which keep changing on a regular basis. The MRO needs reflect on â€Å"the stock room reorder, the high-use wear parts, the emergency parts, as well as spot buys of items that are rarely used†. It also involves the scheduled maintenance projects. From the time when the order is placed until when the delivery is done, V-Line service is directly involved, and it takes title to the related MRO flow. Different goods are acquired from the numerous suppliers and put at the firm’s consolidation warehouse. Preparations are thereafter done concerning export, overseas transportation, as well as import country handling. In order to effectively manage how the goods flow and how transactions are done, V-Line uses modern information technology and communications links. Its computer systems have been linked together with those of the supplier firms through server systems on bo th ends. Communication is also established with the logistic vendors and the receiving customer plant through the use of computers and servers. V-Line boosts its VMI capability by making sure that the firm stays ahead in terms of offering quality services at an affordable fee. Moreover, the firm goes to the length of meeting the needs of the subject plants. This is a critical factor for the firm as it has enabled the optimization of cost and also enhanced the performance benefits. V-Line Import Logistics V-Line tracks the arrival dates at the country of destination and clears customs, import, together with transportation to the central point or the final receiving point. Where deliveries are to be made at a central location, the firm determines a warehouse location where deliveries will be made either on an express basis or through Just in Time (JIT) delivery. Documentation is done to reflect on the inventory level as well as to indicate the transfer ownership. The transfer of curre ncies is then undertaken, supported by all the necessary legal requirements. V-Line Services accepts payments that are done using the local currency and at the local address. V-Line Export Logistics The export logistics carried out by the firm begin with the acknowledgement of the vendor order before follow-ups are done. This helps in expediting transportation of materials to the V-Line warehouse. At the warehouse, receipt control is done together with undertaking item labelling and item inspection. The firm’s representative in charge signs a notice of inspection once the confirmations are done. The next process involves item consolidation scheduling, particularly for the consolidated orders shipments that appear within fixed intervals. The materials destined for export are packed in readiness for either container transport or airfreight. The documentations are done for purposes of meeting the customs requirement and the destination-country requirements. The materials are the reafter loaded onto the carrier pickup and V-Line Services indicates its partners both for insurance and financial needs. A consolidated invoicing is done as proof of payments made by the client for the delivery of goods. The last stage in the export process involves the firm making the payments to the material vendors. Transportation takes two days between the firm and the department stores, while the stores take another day for receiving the goods. Trends, Perspectives, and Recommendations Firms are generally shifting the responsibility of managing their inventories to the suppliers. There is growing need for firms to enhance their competitive position by limiting their operation costs as much as possible. As such, the adoption of lean supply chain systems, such as VMI, is taking preference. Although the adoption of highly efficient supply chain system is growing in demand, there are also emerging challenges in the area. VMI, for instance, is highly integrated with information tec hnology. With the continuous advancement of IT, there is growing need for firms to employ skilled personnel who will have the ability of advising the management appropriately in the area of supply chain systems. This will help to reduce expenditure as well as improve efficiency to a greater extent. Conclusion Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) is a system of managing inventory in a firm such that the costs involved can be maintained at low levels. The ability of a firm to maintain limited inventory costs enables the firm to achieve greater competitive position, which is critical for the growth and advancement of a firm. VMI mainly seeks to achieve strategic partnership and relationship between the firm and its third party business partners. The benefits of VMI for include enhanced efficiency, low inventory levels, and highly efficient supply chain. VMI system can either be such that a single supplier deals with numerous companies, or a single supplier dealing with a single customer. In both models, the partners into an agreement such that the supplier is strictly expected to determine the demand levels of a customer and offer to fulfil it without any fail. TVH mainly relies on e-commerce for managing both its supplier networks and order placements. Through internet connectivity, the firm tracks order placements from its customers and scrutinises all the details through the click of a button, before servicing. On the other hand, V-Line Service relies on an elaborate export and import logistic to undertake its international business. Works Cited Cachon, Gerald P. â€Å"Stock Wars: Inventory Competition in a Two Echelon Supply Chain.† Operations Research 49 (2001): 658-674. Print. Dejnega, Oleg. â€Å"Vendor Managed Inventory and Relish of Both Partners.† Annals of the University of Petrosani Economics 11.4 (2011): 61-72. Print. Olson, Davis and Deshrng Wu. Enterprise Risk Management. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co., 2008. Print. Salzarulo, P eter A. Vendor-Managed Inventory Programs and their Effect on Supply Chain Performance. Ann Abor, MI: ProQuest Information and Learning Company, 2006. Print. This report on Vendor-Managed Inventory: UAE vs. International Contexts was written and submitted by user Giselle Daniels to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Song for the Old Ones Essays

Song for the Old Ones Essays Song for the Old Ones Paper Song for the Old Ones Paper In the poem Song for the Old Ones Maya Angelou explores (QUESTION) by using the development of theme and the technique of imagery. Within this Maya Angelou poem she convincingly portrays the idea that her ancestors sacrificed themselves and accepted their oppression to keep their race alive: as she says they kept my race alive. Also the poem explores the different views of slavery. Angelous view on the subject is that her ancestors were extremely brave and she thanks them for enduring their hardships rather than pitying them as most people do. I think this indicates how convincing Angelous treatment of the subject slavery is because she is not frightened to express her own views and this emphasises what a serious subject it is. Another idea, depicted in the poem is the thought that Black slaves kept America afloat within the different industries and I feel if it were not for them, America would not be the success it is today; this is indicated in the poem by the lines Its our submission that makes the world go round. Throughout the poem Song for the Old Ones, I found there to be three strong themes oppression, slavery and sacrifice. Oppression is an issue which Maya Angelou describes in most of her poetry as well as this particular piece. She successfully portrays oppression by using effective word-choice such as Theyve laughed to shield their crying then shuffled through their dreams. This quotation shows that as Blacks were enslaved they will obviously have experienced a form of oppression; however, Angelou describes this oppression as being the worst kind a kind that steals your dreams. I feel this quotation has a great impact upon the poem as most people say no matter how unhappy you are, you will always have your dreams but Angelous ancestors did not even have those. The second theme within this poem is slavery. Slavery is the subject of this poem and one which Angelou deals with strongly. Throughout the poem she refers to the hardships her ancestors endured such as the chains and slaverys coffles, which effectively describes the slaves conditions. This particular quotation describes how the Black slaves were linked together while working and moving. The third theme is sacrifice. Within the poem Angelou speaks of her point of view on her ancestors slavery. The quotation that shred my fact and sound, is the line Angelou uses to express her views. She feels that people who are sympathetic towards the slaves lives are only touching the surface of the reasons why her ancestors sacrificed themselves. Angelou believes she should thank them, not sympathise with her ancestors because she understands why they sacrificed themselves, they kept my race alive. Maya Angelou uses imagery throughout the poem Song for the Old Ones to heighten the impressions the reader is given of slavery and oppression while reading the poem. The following metaphor, I feel gives the impression of long-lasting effects of slavery, even after it has ended the slats leave dents of darkness. This is an appropriate quotation that proves what I felt previously because as you become older, dents pressed into your skin while sitting on a bench stay for longer periods of time which indicates that the emotional and physical scars of slavery will stay with them forever. Within the poem there is one simile they nod like broken candles; this simile describes how a Black slaves spirit was broken because of the oppression they faced. I think Maya Angelous word-choice within this simile gives a simple comparison which allows a reader to understand a serious subject because the words Broken candles portrays a simple image and when candles are worn down, they break and are no longer of great use; which is how the Black slaves were treated. When they became overworked and burnt out they were replaced just like a candle would be. Also, this simile creates the visual image of old men with bent backs because the candles referred to in the poem were held together only by the wick and conveying the impression of the slaves being worked until they broke. Thirdly, throughout the times when Blacks were and still are being oppressed, their means of conveying pain was to write songs called the blues. Usually this type of music is relaxed and that is why the following quotation is so hard-hitting to write the blues with screams. The use of the word screams shows exactly how much suffering Blacks have faced and because they had been quiet for so long the pain had built-up and then developed into screams. In conclusion, within this analysis of Song for the Old Ones, I have explored (QUESTION) through Maya Angelous eyes. Angelou treats the subject of her ancestors slavery with great pride and she writes from her heart with her true thoughts and feelings coming through in the poem. This is why I find the treatment of this subject so convincing. Throughout this essay I have referred to the poem to describe the themes and use of imagery Angelou uses to create this feeling of oppression and times of endurance. I feel Angelou has successfully explored (QUESTION) within this poem by referring to past oppression which Blacks had encountered.

Civil Liberties, Habeas Corpus, and the War on Terror Essay - 1

Civil Liberties, Habeas Corpus, and the War on Terror - Essay Example In addition, the paper examines the habeas corpus in relation to the war against terrorism and the Supreme Court’s involvement, the involvement of the President and Congress in decisions regarding habeas corpus. Civil Liberties, Habeas Corpus, and the War on Terror Following the September 11th attack, the US, then under the Bush Administration, viewed the act as an initiator to a war against the country. In addition, successive terror attacks in Bali, Madrid train attack and the London subway attack, the Bush Government saw enough proof that terrorism was escalating (Cole, 2003). The Government did not take these activities lightly as this saw immediate measures from it and allies against terror activities. Among this stern measures included military intervention into Afghanistan, capture, persecution, and in worst cases, the elimination of potential suspects in the terror activities. In addition, the War on Terror implemented methods such as detention centers for extra-judici al prisoners like Guantanamo Bay, rendition flights and new interrogation techniques among many others. Nature of the Writ Historically, the role of habeas corpus was to protect those arrested by the Executive without the involvement of any judicial activities. ... public Safety may require it.† Strange enough, this is the only statement about the Great Writ found in the US constitution as opposed to the high regard in which it was held during its inception. It has been established that it is only the Federal Government that is limited to the writ and not the State. Attention has arose as to who should be given the authority to suspend the writ or rather determine the case in which suspension of the writ would be most appropriate. Initially, the power of suspending the law rested with the legislature but in early commentary, the power of the Congress to suspend the law assumed and stated by the Court. In early Civil War period, the privilege law was suspended by President Lincoln on his own motion only to be met with much resistance forcing him to seek for authorization from the Congress. Presidents, in times of wars and emergencies, have extraordinary authority accompanied with possession of executive powers that result in asserted viola tions of rights of the constitution and other known legal rights. When a dispute is taken to court, one side of the court is of the view that a ruling for the challenger would expose the security of the nation while the other side is of the opinion that the ideals that make the preservation of the nation’s security worth should be held at all costs. Many courts, in their habeas corpus jurisdiction, have handled issues regarding separation of powers during wars. The writ of habeas corpus is a mechanism in which the courts have insisted that none of the King, the President or any other official may subject someone to detention unless a court of law does so. As long as the writ runs and in any given circumstance, including war, the courts have the power to enforcement of the most basic law

Change in milk bacterias and the effect on teenage girls Research Paper

Change in milk bacterias and the effect on teenage girls - Research Paper Example To counter this, pasteurization of milk was discovered to kill a huge number of diseases causing bacterium. However, pasteurization does not kill every bacterium (Gupta 52). Milk products such as cheese, yoghurt and butter carry the potential of having some bacteria in them. Their consumption in large numbers is relative to an increasing risk of affection. For instance, increased intake milk products correlate with but do not necessarily cause adolescent acne. At this point, it is good to note that milk has two layers one that contains fat and one that does not. The fatty layer has hormones such as progesterone and androgens that stimulate acne. Acne leads to hormonal imbalances and thus abnormal experiences in regard to menstruation (Fox 45). The number of diseases caused by bacteria is large but this paper intends to focus on female genital tuberculosis as one of them. Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium causes this disease. A person suffering from this disease, experiences the fo llowing symptoms; abdominal pain from the lower side, oligomenorrhoea, menstrual disorders, infertility, dyspareunia, vaginal discharges, fatigue, pelvic mass, weight loss among many others. The major treatments include surgery and chemotherapy and use of antituberculosis drugs (Zourob et al 22). The false believe that close contact can lead to transmission of the disease has resulted to the victims being stigmatized. The treatment taking sixth months and above is expensive both to the self and to the government. Studies have shown that most people who suffer from this disease are young, the working bracket, a reduction in the labor force occurs, and a fall in gross domestic product is seen if the number of victims is high like in India. This disease runs over every sphere of the world although the percentages vary. Geographical distribution shows that India has been in the lead followed by Scotland and Saudi Arabia respectively while Australia, USA and Finland have managed less tha n one percent. The historical perspective has reflected that Africa has been leading in mortality rates resulting from this calamity (Gupta 53). Nations have taken measures on prevention of disease to their nationals. Developing nations have embarked on poverty alleviation methodologies. Poverty dictates poor nutrition, inaccessibility to information, poor housing and welfare and is thus expedient to have measures to reduce and control it. Amongst the strategies is equal distribution of funds, enhancement of the rule of law, providence of social amenities ranging from health centers, schools to administration offices and equity in education. These countries have also embarked in building research centers and funding universities and colleges involved in medical research (Zourob et al 23). These nations through the ministries of health have integrated programs to engage the WHO programs that include vaccinations and immunizations. Developed countries have directed their efforts in th e formulation and implementation of laws and policies against industrial environmental pollution, production and marketing of genetically modified foods and global warming activities. Both developed and developing countries have formed joint unions to strategize on how to promote the health welfare of their nationals. The World Health Organization (WHO) has held a different position altogether. It advocates for enactment of emergency intervention

Refraction of Light Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Refraction of Light - Research Paper Example Refraction refers to the property by which light bends when it travels from rarer to a denser or from a denser to a rarer medium. If a ray of light is travelling from a denser to a rarer medium, say from glass to air it bends away from the normal. If the ray of light travels from a rarer to a denser medium, it bends towards the normal. The phenomenon of refraction of light is governed by laws known as Laws of Refraction. When a ray of light traverses from one medium to another, the direction and the angle by which it bends is determined by these laws. The first law of refraction states that the incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal all lie in the same plane (Walker et al, 2010) The second law is prime factor for determining the direction of the refracted ray. This law is popularly known as Snell’s law. According the this law the direction of the refracted ray depends on the ratio of speed of light in the two mediums. Light travels with different speeds in different mediums. Most materials have refractive indices of their own which primarily depends on the wavelength of light. The refractive index of any material is given by the ratio of the speed of light travelling of light in that medium by the speed of light travelling in vacuum. Optically dense medium are those that have a high refractive index while those materials whose refractive indices are almost near to 1 are known as optically rare media (Haynes, 2014) When light travels from a medium of higher refractive index to a medium of lower refractive index, the path taken by the light rays is dependent on the angle of incidence. If the angle of incidence exceeds beyond a certain value the refracted ray does not travel to another medium but in fact returns back into the same medium. This phenomenon is known as total internal reflection and the angle of incidence is known as the critical angle. Critical angle is also known as the limit angle and is defined as the angle

A Mechanistic Mode Of Organization Business Essay

A Mechanistic Mode Of Organization Business Essay The structure of any organization has a clear impact on both employee behaviour and its performance Organizational Structure as Determinant of Organizational Performance: Uncovering Essential Facets of Organic and Mechanistic Structure. On the other hand, an organizational structure provides an overview about the hierarchy of levels, roles and responsibilities, authorities, communication channels, etc. Mechanistic organizational structure has a certain amount of bureaucratic features such as being a rigid structure, centralized in decision making, having well defined job roles and well-defined communication channels. These features ensure high efficiency in strict processes and procedures. Furthermore, it reduces flexibility and learning opportunities. The success of the mechanistic structure depends largely upon the external environment and also effectiveness in increasing organizational performance. It is of utmost importance to understand the definition of the organizational structure since it affects both employee behaviour and organizational performance (Organizational Structure as Determinant of Organizational Performance: Uncovering Essential Facets of Organic and Mechanistic Structure). Organizational structure is understood as a method consisting of responsibilities and power allocated amongst members and how work procedures are carried out among them. (Nahm et al., 2003). It also includes the layers of hierarchy, centralization of authority, and horizontal integration. However, an organizational structure is a multi-dimensional construct which illustrates the division of work (roles or responsibilities including specification), departmentalization, centralization, complexity, communication or coordination mechanisms including standardization, formalization and flexibility (How does organizational structure influence performance through learning and innovation in Austria and China). Two main types of organizational structures can be identified as mechanistic and organic. The next paragraph would provide an overview of the mechanistic organizational structure whilst discussing its nature and characteristics. Mechanistic structure is  hierarchical  and bureaucratic by nature. Its structure, processes and roles are considered as a machine where each part of the organization does what it is intended to do. Three main features could be identified. Namely highly centralized  authority, formalized procedures and  practices specialized functions (Businessdictionary.com). Thus, a mechanistic structure has a clear, well-defined, centralized, vertical hierarchy of command, authority, and control. It achieves efficiency and predictability through specialization, standardization, and formalization. Rigidly defined jobs, technologies, and processes are outcomes of such mechanical organizational structure. Mechanistic structure aims to achieve efficiency thorough tight control (Enotes/Studymaster). Characteristics for mechanistic organizational structure are listed below: Stable environment This organizational structure works best when the environment is relatively stable. Low differentiation of tasks Tasks will not be differentiated much, because each subtask is relatively stable and easy to control. Low integration of e.g. departments and functional areas Due to the stability of tasks, there will be low integration between departments and functional areas, because tasks stay relatively stable, and because the functional areas are not heavily dependent on each other. Centralized decision-making When the environment is stable, there is no need for complex decision-making that involves people at lower levels. Therefore, decision-making is centralized at the top of the organization. Standardization and formalization When tasks are stable, tasks should be standardized and formalized, so that operations can run smoothly without breakdowns. Source : http://www.businessmate.org/Article.php?ArtikelId=44 Mechanistic organizations prefer formalized structure due to two main reasons. It reduces the variability within the organization and enhances predictability in the organization rather than being ambiguous (Mintzberg, 1979). A highly formalized mechanistic structure demands nearly all processes and procedures to be administratively authorized. On the other hand, it considers processes and procedures outside to those authorized protocols as variances which should be brought under control meaning that decision making in all dealings should be done by applying such provided procedures, policies, rules or instructions (Enotes/Studymaster). A mechanistic structure enables employee behaviour more predictable while enhancing standardization within the organization. For example, an employee is well aware of handling customer sales returns or accepting credit card payments. Formalization enables organizations to improve performance (Hahn, 2007). In contrast, it also curbs any opportunities for innovation and fresh ideas, since variations are not allowed or encouraged. Consequently, a mechanistic structure does not support or adapt quickly to changes in the external environment. Hence a mechanistic type of organizational structure is best suited for large organizations which operate in more stable environments where it helps to maximize the organizational efficiency while minimizing the cost through formalization and centralized decision making (Carpenter et al, 1969). Classical management theories perceive an organization as a machine (Fayol, 1949; Taylor, 1911). Classical theories emphasis the need for bureaucracy within o rganizations resulting the lack of space towards creativity and innovativeness. Thus, Classical management theories encourage a mechanistic type of an organizational structure (Organizational Structure as Determinant of Organizational Performance: Uncovering Essential Facets of Organic and Mechanistic Structure). However, organizations that operate in a rapidly changing environment requires to frequently change their processes and procedures with the changes that take place in the external environment. Moreover, it requires taking action according to the situation in order to enhance adaptability to environment. Thus, formulation and authority which exist in mechanistic structures does not encourage deviating from defined processes and procedures. Therefore, mechanistic kind of organizational structure is not effective for organizations that operate in a dynamic environment. It can be seen, that mechanistic organizations increase efficiency when tasks and technologies are relatively stable.  Meaning that stable environments and technology allow work to be clearly defined and differentiated. A scientific method should be used to separate work process to identify precise tasks, assign tasks in order to employees and monitor employee performance (Fayol, 1949; Taylor, 1911). Work activity of a mechanistic organization is separated into specific tasks. A specialized job position is created by assigning one or more specific tasks which requires rigidly defined set of skills, methodology and procedure to perform jobs. Furthermore, specific responsibilities or authority is assigned to each job function. Line managers and lower-level staff are to strictly perform assigned tasks according to strict procedures whereas few higher level managers monitor their performance. (Organizational Structure as Determinant of Organizational Performance: Uncovering Essential F acets of Organic and Mechanistic Structure). Managers perform as planners and monitors in a mechanistic type of organization. This leads to high levels of efficiency by clear instructions to perform specific tasks. On the other hand, it provides fewer opportunities for innovation. Thus, innovation is restricted to achieve efficiency in the processes. However, this can be more suitable to improve efficiency in a stable environment rather than depending on innovative ideas. For example, Few customers, for instance, would want a McDonalds employee to use creativity in preparing their hamburger. Instead, the repetitiveness and stability of the procedure needed to cook a hamburger is more efficient when the employee follows established procedures and customers can trust that each hamburger they purchase will taste the same (Enotes/Studymaster). In contrast, a rapidly changing external environment requires innovative ideas to face external environment demand. Furthermore, it requires more flexibility in procedures and processes to meet demands from the external environment. Employees would be given more flexibility to deal with their customers meaning that lower level employees would have a certain amount of liberty to make certain decisions in order to face the situation and solve problems. Thus, the mechanistic structure is less effective for organizations that operate in challenging environments. Centralized decision making in mechanistic type organizations enable few higher management personnel to actively be involved in decision making. Clear communication channels allow formal communication or information flows from top to bottom or vice versa. Classical theorists provides a view point that centralized decision making increases organizational efficiency and definitely results in better organizational performance (Gulick and Urwick, 1937; Weber, 1947). Classical theorists focus was more on hierarchical authority and pays less or no attention to the degree of employee participation in decision making. Employee involvement in decision making is definitely an important aspect of any organizational structure and which directly influence organizational performance (Carter and Cullen, 1984; Khakani et al, 2012). Furthermore, centralized decision-making leads to the effective and efficient functioning of any bureaucratic structures (Goodsell, 1985). Scientific management of organi zations is possible only if decision-making is restricted to few employees (upper level management) within organizations as discussed in the concept of Taylor (1911) (Mansoor, Aslam (2012). However, centralized decision making is more suited for stable and large organizations. Thus, in highly dynamic external environments, organizations require to act fast in order to survive within the in environment in which it operates. Therefore, certain amount of decision making power is required to decentralize and empower lower level employees. This helps them to react to quick changes that occur in the external environment. It is evident that the mechanistic type of structure would not sufficiently support organizations up to expectations when they are engaged within challenging external environments. Therefore, the extent to which formalization exists within an organization depends on the technology, size and the organizations traditions (Robbins 1990, Burton and Obel, 1998 (Mansoor, Aslam (2012). In a mechanistic structure, the clear distance between employees and management provide fewer opportunities to bring in new ideas by subordinates. Moreover, those who bring change can be threaded according to the X theory of Douglas McGregor. Therefore, resistance to change is high and innovation is not so much encouraged in organizations having a mechanistic type of organization hierarchy. (Armstrong, 2008). However, organizations face immense competition in todays challenging and dynamic external environment. Therefore, organizations with mechanistic structure face various difficulties when introducing quick changes due to the highly formalized nature of the hierarchy itself. However, learning is a critical factor that affects organizational development. The below diagram displays steps that are adhered to in single loop learning. Source : http://www.cognitivedesignsolutions.com/KM/Learning.htm Mechanistic type of organizations can use this model to improve efficiency in their processes. The single loop model focuses on analyzing actions and feedback to identify the gap between where we are and where we need to be. Therefore, changes are implemented as actions but not as governing variables (Create advantage). Kolbs (1984) classic interpretation of learning concisely describes the single-loop learning process and is considered a simplified version of the scientific method (Kolb 1984, Armstrong 2008).  Ã‚   As discussed above, learning and implementing change requires flexibility within systems and procedures. The rigid structure in mechanistic organizations does not facilitate comfortable implementation of changes. A well-defined structure demands authorization of all changes and formal communication within organizations. In mechanistic type of structures communicating and formalizing all necessary changes takes a considerable effort and time where dynamic external environment demands quick changes. Therefore, companies face various challenges in adjusting to the external environment. Furthermore, implementation of change requires modifying tasks or roles where employees resist since their knowledge is more specific to a task or set of tasks. On the other hand, change may require training needs and considerable time to adapt which intern has an impact on efficiency of processes. Moreover, the amount of bureaucracy seen in mechanistic structures makes it difficult to introduce change. I n conjunction, it reduces participation opportunities for employees in lower levels when deciding on changes. Clear distance between hierarchical levels of the organization and communication lines reduces awareness about such changes. Therefore, employees fear change and resist to innovation. It is of utmost importance to consider the rate of changes in technology and the external environment while deciding on the amount of formalization and specialization used within the mechanistic structure. Considering all these factors it can be decided that a mechanistic structure provides less space for rapid changes. Therefore, it is more suitable for large organizations operating in comparatively stable environments. Moreover, the type of organizational structure cannot be precisely identified as good or bad since it depends on the firms internal and external environments. An organization structure that suits a specific industry will necessarily be suited for another industry owing to many external factors such as competition and technological impacts. A mechanistic structure by nature is highly formalized and specialized with well defined procedures, processes and roles. Centralized decision making is one of the main features in a mechanistic structure. Higher level managers are involved in decision making whereas their subordinates are expected to carry out specific task or tasks within the department. Therefore, the mechanistic structure provides fewer opportunities for learning. However, the flexibility in the structure is a key to promote learning. Learning and innovation is highly required when dealing with changing and dynamic environments. Mechanistic structure does not provide enough flexibility to change or modify decision making according to situations. Therefore, a mechanistic type of structure is highly efficient for an organization which operates in a more stable environment. These features of mechanistic structures reduce opportunities for learning. Altering the level of mechanistic characteristics will help a firm t o increase learning opportunities to some extent.

The Police Powers of Search, Arrest, and Interrogation Essay examples -

The Powers of Police Individuals have civil rights; people are entitled to be allowed to move freely and to have their person and their property respected. However the police must have sufficient powers to investigate crimes. Therefore Parliament has given the police special powers that can be used in certain circumstances. These powers include the rights to stop and search suspects, to arrest and interview people when necessary and to take fingerprints and samples (blood samples) for scientific analysis. Without the police having these certain powers then it would be nearly impossible to investigate any crimes. But it is also important for the police to remember that, at the same time, they do not unnecessarily harass ordinary people, and that those who are suspects are protected from overzealous police officers. The law on police powers is covered in the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (also known as PACE) and the codes of practice under section 66 of PACE. There are five codes, running from code A to E. Code A deals with the powers to stop and search, code B deals with powers to search premises and seize property, code C deals with the detention, treatment and questioning of suspects, code D deals with rules for identification procedures and code E deals with tape-recording of interviews with suspects. This essay will discuss the police powers of search, arrest and interrogation, which are all covered by PACE 1984. The first item that this essay will be dealing with is the police's powers to stop and search. Under section one of PACE the police have the right to stop and search people and vehicles in a public ... ... as including torture, inhuman or degrading treatment and the use or threat of violence. Code C also gives protection to suspects who are being questioned in regard to the physical conditions of the interview. For example, the code says that interviews must be adequately lit, heated and ventilated and that suspects must be given adequate breaks for meals, refreshments and sleep. In theory the custody officer who is supposed to keep accurate records, should monitor the treatment of a suspect during their detention period. This should include the length and timing of interviews and other matters, such as visits of police officers to the defendants cell, so that any breaches of the rules will be obvious. However, research by Sanders and Bridges suggests that a substantial minority of custody records (10%) are falsified.

King Richard III by William Shakespeare Essay

T he plays depict the collapse of English control over parts of France and the bitter and fierce internal struggles between the Houses of Lancaster and York in the fight to gain the crown of England. King Richard III is regarded (Hume 202) as a piece of prop aganda support ing the Tudor monarchs who succeeded Richard after he was killed in battle . This essay examine s how the theme of conscience is evidenced in Shakespeare’s play, and how the issues addressed are reflected in my daily life. (100 words) One prominent theme in the drama is the theme of conscience. Throughout the drama, Richard,  Duke of Gloucester, murders and betrays to gain the English crown. His conscience , however, is evident. In Act I scene iii, Margaret, an exiled former queen , has a special curse for Richard , who kille d her husband and her son (lines 224 – 9) : The worm of conscience still begnaw thy soul. Thy friends suspect for traitors while thou liv’st, And take deep traitors for thy dearest friends. No sleep close up that deadly eye of thine, Unless it be while some tormenting dream Affrights thee with a hell of ugly devils. Most of Margaret’s curses are fulfilled during the play. Richard struggles  with his heavy conscience. In Act IV scene I Lady An ne , his wife is distressed to learn that she is to be crowned his queen, and speaks of her unhappiness and his guilty conscience: For never yet one hour in his bed Have I enjoy’d the golden dew of sleep, But have been waked by his timorous dreams. Spec tacularly, in the scene before the battle at Bosworth, King Richard is visited by the ghosts of h i s victims . His soliloquy in Act V scene iii suggests that he is overcome by a ‘coward conscience’ (lines 191 – 6) : O coward conscience, how dost thou afflict me! The lights burn blue. It is now dead midnight. Cold fearful drops stand on my trembling flesh. 2 The theme is developed . Co nscience can be a manipulative tool used by cowards , Richard declares: Let not our babbling dreams affright our souls: Conscience is but a word that cowards use, Devised at first to keep the strong in awe: Our strong arms be our conscience, swords our law. I shall now consider how conscience relates to my daily life. It has often been remarked (e. g. G ui 203; Palfreyman 80) that Richard’s assertiveness, his strength and determination command a respect of their own, his crimes aside. Every day, I read in the papers that someone has exercised ruthless power over other people in some way, and so made ‘swords [their] law’ to wi n a contest, whether it be in the form of school bullying, or rise to political power as in this play. I am still unclear as to how far we should assert ourselves to gain things that we want at others’ expense like this. It frightens me that I can understa nd such tyrants and see them as essentially very human. Such things are an integral part of life and ourselves and will never go away. I believe, though, that  there is such a thing as conscience, yet whether it is only something we have been taught is har d to establish. It is possible to see Shakespeare’s play as an elaborate wish fulfillment or fantasy, therefore. In sum, Shakespeare directs us to focus , non – simplistically, on tyranny and ruthlessness in our midst. In a sense , the portrayal of Richard as a man with a conscience and, at the same time, with astute manipulative powers gives the drama unresolved humanistic problems. We may need to ask ourselves how far we can go to attain our ends while still sleeping at night.

Use the French Faire to Build Castles in the Air

Use the French Faire to Build Castles in the Air The French verb faire  means  literally  to do or to make and is used in many idiomatic expressions. Learn how to build castles in the air, turn a deaf ear, act like a child and more with these expressions using faire.2 et 2 font 4 (math)2 plus 2 equals 4faire infinitive (causative)1) to cause something to happen  Ã‚  Ã‚  Le froid fait geler leau.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cold makes water freeze.2) to have something done  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je fais laver la voiture.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Im having the car washed. faire beau or mauvais  (weather expressions)il fait beau or  il   fait beau tempsto be nice weather;  Ã‚  its nice out; the weather is fine/niceil fait mauvais or il fait mauvais tempsto be bad weather; its bad out; the weather is bad/nasty faire 5 kilomà ¨tres, 3 heuresto go 5 km, be on the road for 3 hours faire acte de prà ©senceto put in an appearancefaire sa tà ªteto act impulsively, to have ones wayfaire attention to pay attention to, watch out forfaire bon accueilto welcomefaire cadeau des dà ©tailsto spare the detailsfaire de la peine quelquunto hurt someone (emotionally or morally)faire de la photographieto do photography as a hobbyfaire de lautostopto hitchhikefaire demi-tour (figurative)to make a U-turn; do an about-facefaire des bà ªtisesto get into mischief faire une bà ªtiseto do something stupid faire des chà ¢teaux en Espagneto build castles in the air faire des coursto give classes, lecturesfaire des à ©conomiesto save up; to save money; to economizefaire de son mieuxto do ones bestfaire des progrà ¨sto make progressfaire des projetsto make plansfaire du bricolageto do odd jobs; to  putter aroundfaire du lard (familiar)to sit around doing nothingfaire du sportto play sportsfaire du thà ©Ãƒ ¢treto be an actor; to do some actingfaire du violon, pianoto study violin, pianofaire dune pierre deux coupsto kill two birds with one stonefaire face to oppose; to face up tofaire fito scornfaire jour, nuitto be daytime; to be nighttimefaire la bà ªteto act like a foolfaire la bise, le bisouto kiss hellofaire la connaissance deto meet (for the first time)faire la cuisineto cookfaire la grasse matinà ©eto sleep in; to sleep latefaire la lessive; faire le lingeto do the laundryfaire la moue; faire la tà ªteto pout; to sulkfaire la queueto stand in line; to line upfaire la sourde oreilleto turn a deaf earfaire la tà ªteto sulkfaire la va isselleto do the dishesfaire là ©cole buissonnià ¨re  Ã‚  to be truant; to play hooky  from schoolfaire le jardinto do the gardeningfaire le litto make the bedfaire le marchà ©,  faire les achats  to do the shoppingfaire le mà ©nageto do houseworkfaire lenfantto act like a childfaire le pontto make it a long weekendfaire les bagages, faire les valisesto packfaire les carreauxto do the windowsfaire les coursesto run errands / to go shoppingfaire les quatre cents coupsto sow ones wild oats, get in trouble, lead a wild life   The list of French expressions with the irregular verb faire  continues.  faire le tour deto go / walk aroundfaire lEuropeto travel to / visit Europefaire lidiotto act the foolfaire le singeto act the foolfaire mal quelquunto hurt someonefaire part de quelque chose   quelquunto inform someone aboutfaire partie deto be a part offaire peau neuveto turn over a new leaffaire peur quelquunto frighten someonefaire plaisir quelquunto please someonefaire preuve deto display a quality / virtuefaire sa toiletteto get up and get dressed, to wash upfaire savoir quelque chose   quelquunto inform someone of somethingfaire semblant de faire quelque choseto pretend to do somethingfaire ses adieuxto say good-byefaire ses amitià ©s quelquunto give ones regards to someonefaire ses devoirsto do homeworkfaire ses à ©tudes to study atfaire son bacto study for the baccalaureatefaire son droitto study for a law degreefaire son litto make ones bedfaire son possibleto do ones bestfaire suivre (s es lettres)to forward (ones mail)faire toute une histoire de quelque choseto make a federal case of somethingfaire un beau coupleto make a nice couplefaire un cadeau quelquunto give someone a giftfaire un clin doeil to wink atfaire un coursto give class(es) / to lecturefaire un temps de Toussaintto have grey and gloomy weatherfaire une bà ªtiseto make a blunder; do something  stupidfaire une croix dessusto give up on / kiss something  goodbyefaire un demi-tourto do a U-turn, an about-turnfaire une drà ´le de tà ªteto make a strange / funny facefaire un fromage (de)to make a big stink / fuss (about)faire une fugueto run away from homefaire une gaffeto blunder, make a mistakefaire une malleto pack a trunkfaire une partie deto play a game offaire une promenadeto take a walkfaire une promenade en voiture  to take a ridefaire une questionto ask a questionfaire une rà ©clamationto make a complaintfaire une visiteto pay a visitfaire un tourto take a walkfaire un tour en voituret o take a ridefaire un voyageto take a tripfaire venir leau la boucheto make ones mouth water(click the numbers below to read the other pages of this lesson and learn more expressions with faire)Faire conjugations | All about faire Article Edited by  Camille Chevalier Karfis The French verb faire literally means to do or to make and is also used in many idiomatic expressions. Learn how to build castles in the air, turn a deaf ear, act like a child, and more with this list of expressions with faire.Laccident a fait 5 victimes.Five people were killed in the accident.Aussità ´t dit, aussità ´t fait.No sooner said than done.Cela / Ça fait un an que...Its been a year since...Ça fait mon affaireThat suits me just fine, thats just what I needÇa lui fera du bien.That will do him / her some good.Ça me fait froid dans le dosThat gives me the shiversÇa ne fait rienThats OK, it doesnt matter.Ce film a fait un tabacThat movie was a hitCest bien fait pour toi  !It serves you right!Cest plus facile dire qu faire.Easier said than done.Cette pià ¨ce fait salle comble.This play draws a full house.Les chiens ne font pas des chatsThe apple doesnt fall far from the treeComment se fait-il ...?How come ...?Fais gaffe !Be careful! Watch out!Fais voirSh ow me, Let me seeFaites comme chez vous. Make yourself at home.Il fait encore des siennes.Hes up to his old tricks again.Il fait toujours bande part.He always keeps to himself.Il le fait contre-coeurHes doing it unwillingly(Il ny a) rien faire.Its hopeless, no use insistingIl te fait marcherHes pulling your leg.la goutte qui fait dà ©border le vasethe straw that broke the camels backUne hirondelle ne fait pas le printemps (proverb)One swallow doesnt make a summerOn a fait une nuit blanche.We pulled an all-nighter.Que faire  ?What is to be done? What can we do?Que faites-vous dans la vie  ?What do you do for a living?Quel mà ©tier faites-vous  ?What do you do for a living?Quel temps fait-il  ?Hows the weather?Quest-ce que cela peut bien te faire  ?What could that possibly matter to you?Quest-ce que jai fait avec mes gants  ?  Ã‚  What have I done with my gloves?Si cela ne vous fait rienIf you dont mind.Tu as fait un beau gà ¢chis  !Youve made a fine mess of it!Tu as fait courir ce bruit.You spread this rumor.(click the numbers below to read the other pages of this lesson and learn more expressions with faire)Faire conjugations | All about faire Article Edited by  Camille Chevalier Karfis The French verb se faire literally means to become and is also used in many idiomatic expressions. Learn how to earn money, make friends, worry, and more with this list of expressions with se faire.se faire attributeto becomese faire infinitiveto have something done to / for oneselfse faire nounto make something for oneselfse faire 10 000 eurosto earn 10,000 eurosse faire quelque chose oseto get used to somethingse faire des amisto make friendsse faire des idà ©es, des illusionsto be fooling oneselfse faire du mauvais sangto worryse faire du souci / des soucisto worryse faire fort de infinitiveto be confident, claim that one can do somethingse faire malto hurt oneselfse faire passer pourto pass oneself off asse faire tout(e) petit(e)to try not to be noticed, make inconspicuousse faire une idà ©eto get some idease faire une montagne de quelque chose to exaggerate the importance of somethingse faire une raisonto resign oneself to somethingsen faireto worryCela / Ça ne se fai t pasThat isnt done, one doesnt do thatCela / Ça ne se fera pasThat wont happenComment se fait-il que subjunctiveHow is it that... / How does it happen that...Il sest fait tout seulHes a self-made manJe men fais. (familiar)Im worried.Je ne te le fais pas dire  !Im not putting words in your mouth!ne pas se le faire dire deux foisnot to have to be told twiceFaire conjugations | All about faire | Pronominal verbs Article Edited by  Camille Chevalier Karfis

What factors will affect the time of a falling paper cone Essays

What factors will affect the time of a falling paper cone Essays What factors will affect the time of a falling paper cone Essay What factors will affect the time of a falling paper cone Essay The issue raised is the gesture of paper made cones within air as they are released. The clip that the cone will take to make land degree from the minute of its release depends on several variables, which have to be investigated in order to reason whether altering them would be relevant in impacting the period of clip needed. Hypothesis There are several factors which theoretically could impact the clip, presuming that the air is homogeneous throughout the room and by utilizing the same paper. We have to understand that a higher or a lower top velocity will be the factor which changes the clip needed. Thus the factors impacting top velocity will hold to be investigated. These are form, top angle, tallness, type of paper and resistive forces. Some can be cancelled out earlier experimentation as we know from theory that a mass difference will non impact the free falling object ( it will really but to a negligible extent ) . Experiment To look into how different factors change the clip needed one would hold to put up a research lab experiment. Immediately one encounters the first issue: how far will the paper cone will hold to be put in order to make its terminal speed? As paper cones are rather light in footings of mass one can presume that a 3 metre chute is all right, as harmonizing to Newtonian natural philosophies the retarding force ( air opposition ) , i.e. the upwards force will shortly be equal to the weight of the paper. The aforesaid variables ( top angle, resistive forces ) will hold to be tested by utilizing different values. To accomplish this, the experimenter will hold to examine those relationships. Size: cones of different sizes but same paper will hold different multitudes but this will non impact the clip as weight is non a standard after terminal speed has been reached. Drag coefficient: the retarding force coefficient is a dimensionless measure which determines the aerodynamic belongingss of an object. The smaller it is, the lower the resistive values of fluid air. For case for a normal cone it is of 0.5 whilst a regular hexahedron has a drag coefficient ( Cd ) of approximately 1.05 [ 1 ] . The expression to happen this value is Cd= Fd / 0.5VIA? . The airs denseness is an unmanageable changeless whereas the mass shall be manipulated in order to see the consequence. The experimenter will make three cones of different mass, allow them drop off from a same tallness and observe. The clip shall be measured. Apparatus Merely simple tools such as a graduated table, a stop watch or swayers shall be used, no complicated machines such as optical masers or place detectors. Variables: Uncontrollable invariables: air s fluidness Controllable variables: mass, form, aeromechanicss Uncontrollable variables: clip Diagram of set up Cone Cone a is the sample cone Cone B is the same form and stuff as A but is an scaled up version. This is done so that the effects of mass difference can be investigated. Cone degree Celsius is the same size as A but is made of a different sort of paper, a rougher 1. This is done so that the effects of the cone s aeromechanicss can be investigated. Cone vitamin D is of different form than the B but has the same surface country ( therefore the same mass ) . This is done to look into how much the abruptness of the sides will impact the cone. The cone is dropped from 3 metres and at the same time the stop watch sets away. As it hits the Earth the chronometer will hold to be stopped. The figures are recorded. The procedure is repeated at least 5 times with all cones and therefore an norm is drawn. Thereafter the consequences are compared. The smaller the clip needed, the more aerodynamic the form is. [ 1 ] hypertext transfer protocol: //web.archive.org/web/20070715171817/http: //aerodyn.org/Drag/tables.html

The Impact of Private Education On Expatriate Teachers In Saudi Arabia Research Proposal

The Impact of Private Education On Expatriate Teachers In Saudi Arabia - Research Proposal Example The main objectives of this study are: to gauge the emotional, social and financial impact on the expatriate teachers of their jobs in private educational institutes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; to explore the difficulties that they may have faced due to the changed educational system; to assess if there has been any change in the teaching methods of the expatriate teachers, and if they intended to adapt the changes when they return to teaching in their native countries. The current study proposes to use a descriptive research method that helps in elaborating upon the existing state of affairs. This study is hoped to be designed so that the data collected is authentic and accurate. In order to ensure this, both the secondary data, via a literature review, and primary data, through a questionnaire are to be used. A rigid research design is to be adopted to reduce bias and improve reliability. For this a sample is to be selected on the basis of convenience sampling, and data collected via interview method using an open ended questionnaire. The data collection is qualitative in nature as the responses are proposed to be recorded by the researcher verbatim and later analyzed, again using a qualitative approach. The sample for the current research will be taken from among the expatriate teachers community living in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The teachers who are proposed to be included in the study would be from elementary schools, high schools and coll eges and would have spent between 1 to 5 years in Saudi Arabia.

The Great Gatsby Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

The Great Gatsby - Essay Example This paper intends to examine how Jay Gatsby as a figure whose "hopefulness" is in conflict with his "conditions" in terms of his personal, professional, and social life. For one, the novel presents Gatsby as a wealthy, well-renowned businessperson who has all the power that he needs. Actually, he is a successful man, but according to the analysis of the novel, one thing is for sure, he has no friends. Although the novel tends to evade shading adequate light on the issue of Gatsby’s profound lonely life, analytical response to the novel suggests that may be it is because of the things that he used to do that challenged his ability to have friends (44). The only close people that he met are just his business associates and sometimes the throngs who came over for his Saturday parties. In this context, it is seeable that Gatsby’s personal conditions conflicted with his hope for a friendly association. He hopes to get along with friends, but as it seems, he does not have an y just business associates leaving his world a place for just hope. Additionally, Gatsby’s professional conditions conflicts directly with his hope for a long, loving life with Daisy. ... Therefore, he had many things to do and his profession required him to be always busy with his plans. Hence, there was no time to associate with people so that he could make friends and probably stay with his loved one. His Saturday parties filled with throngs explains his lack of close friends whom he can just spend the evening together (56). Based on this fact, it is agreeable that Gatsby was just a figure whose sense of hopefulness conflicted with his professional and personal life as well. Gatsby social life is yet another factor that makes him a mere figure of hopefulness. The novel discusses a story of people’s lives in the Jazz era particularly conceptualized by the entrance of a new culture, the ecstasy of money and wealth, class as well as the predominant presence of the vast â€Å"wasteland† in between and among these social conditions. Under this spectrum, the novel shows that the social conditions of Gatsby made him a hopeful man since he lived in West Egg, which is a representation of a place whose dwellers appear desolated. According to the social arrangement of the locations in Long Island where the story takes place, the West Egg, where Gatsby lives, represents homage for people with new acquired money (70). In short, it is a place for the rich while the East Egg represents homage for people whose hardworking skills remain disposable to rich people like Gatsby to exploit. Thus, it is conclusive that his social life denied him substantial companionship since there were differences between social classes during those times. Again, Gatsby was a rich man, and as the narrator suggests social class differences created a rift between people during the postwar era, which is when Fitzgerald